我国口腔护理专业人才的培养现状及对策(1)
[摘要]我国口腔专业护理人才奇缺，对口腔专业护理人才的培养力度不够，行业急需培养口腔专科护士。本院与四川大学华西口腔医院护理部紧密合作，分析了国内外医学院校口腔护理专业人才培养的现状，探讨了如何创建口腔护理专业化方向人才培养方案，如何培养技能型、能力型与服务型口腔护理专业创新型人才。通过产学研深度融合，实行医教协同创新合作育人模式，构建整体性综合试点改革培养体系，可以改善我国口腔护理专业人才培养不足的现状，解决当前口腔专业护理人才严重缺乏的问题。并且能有效降低行业人才培养成本，推进行业参与人才培养全过程，实现职业院校在师资、教材、课程、实训等方面的整体专业架构，有利于职业院校开发优质学科建设，增强实训就业能力，实现学院、医院发展的“双赢”。
[关键词]口腔护理；人才培养；现状；对策
[中图分类号] R473.78 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)12(c)-0153-04
[Abstract] There is a shortage of professional nursing personnel in China. The training of professional nursing personnel in oral cavity is not strong enough. It is urgent to train specialized oral nurses. Our college works closely with the nursing department of west China hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University， to analyze the domestic and foreign medical college oral care professionals training status， discuss how to create a professional talent training program for oral care and how to cultivate skilled， energetic and service-oriented oral care professionals innovative talents. The in-depth integration of industry， education and research， implementing the model of collaborative innovation and cooperation in medical education， and establishing a comprehensive pilot reform and training system can improve the current situation of insufficient training of oral care professionals in China， and solve the serious shortage of oral care professionals at present. In addition， it can effectively reduce the cost of talents training in the industry， promote the whole process of talents training in the industry， and realize the overall professional structure of vocational colleges in terms of teachers， teaching materials， courses， practical training， etc.， which is conducive to the development of high-quality disciplines in vocational colleges， the enhancement of practical training and employment ability， and the realization of "win-win" in the development of colleges and hospitals.
[Key words] Oral care； Cultivation of talents； Situation； Countermeasures
近年来，口腔医院“大门诊、小病房”和基层口腔全科服务体系逐步形成后，对专科护士有了更高的技术层面要求。口腔医学快速发展与口腔护理专业缓慢发展的矛盾日益突出。口腔医学逐步向纵深的专门化方向发展，口腔护理以院校教育为主的专科护理模式尚处于起步阶段。临床口腔护士的培养主要靠临床带教和专科护士培训完成，存在临床专业核心能力不突出，健康指导不规范，医护配合默契度差等问题。口腔护理专业人才培养改革创新势在必行。
1国外口腔护理专业人才培养的现状
国外的口腔专业护理发展情况各有特色。德国的口腔护理教育目前已形成较为成熟的培训体系和资格认证体系，其“岗位模块化”教育值得借鉴[1]。英国牙科护士于2003 年被确定为独立的专业，培训课程由牙科学校或牙科教學医院提供[2]，在美国，则为牙科助手或者牙医助理。按照预设的实践教学考核标准，要求学生熟悉口腔专科操作器械、材料、流程，从而为临床专科实践储备潜力。
2我国口腔护理专业人才培养的现状及影响因素
云南省曾做过口腔护理人才需求调查，现有临床人员中82%以上的学生为专科生，仅有60%接受过专科培训[3]。江苏省对265名在职口腔护士的调查显示，仅有10名第一学历为口腔护士，98%以上的护士认为需要进行专业护士培训[4]。全国仅有为数很少的高职院校设立了口腔护理专门化方向[5]。, http://www.100md.com(姚永萍 赵佛蓉 刘萍)
[关键词]口腔护理；人才培养；现状；对策
[中图分类号] R473.78 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)12(c)-0153-04
[Abstract] There is a shortage of professional nursing personnel in China. The training of professional nursing personnel in oral cavity is not strong enough. It is urgent to train specialized oral nurses. Our college works closely with the nursing department of west China hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University， to analyze the domestic and foreign medical college oral care professionals training status， discuss how to create a professional talent training program for oral care and how to cultivate skilled， energetic and service-oriented oral care professionals innovative talents. The in-depth integration of industry， education and research， implementing the model of collaborative innovation and cooperation in medical education， and establishing a comprehensive pilot reform and training system can improve the current situation of insufficient training of oral care professionals in China， and solve the serious shortage of oral care professionals at present. In addition， it can effectively reduce the cost of talents training in the industry， promote the whole process of talents training in the industry， and realize the overall professional structure of vocational colleges in terms of teachers， teaching materials， courses， practical training， etc.， which is conducive to the development of high-quality disciplines in vocational colleges， the enhancement of practical training and employment ability， and the realization of "win-win" in the development of colleges and hospitals.
[Key words] Oral care； Cultivation of talents； Situation； Countermeasures
近年来，口腔医院“大门诊、小病房”和基层口腔全科服务体系逐步形成后，对专科护士有了更高的技术层面要求。口腔医学快速发展与口腔护理专业缓慢发展的矛盾日益突出。口腔医学逐步向纵深的专门化方向发展，口腔护理以院校教育为主的专科护理模式尚处于起步阶段。临床口腔护士的培养主要靠临床带教和专科护士培训完成，存在临床专业核心能力不突出，健康指导不规范，医护配合默契度差等问题。口腔护理专业人才培养改革创新势在必行。
1国外口腔护理专业人才培养的现状
国外的口腔专业护理发展情况各有特色。德国的口腔护理教育目前已形成较为成熟的培训体系和资格认证体系，其“岗位模块化”教育值得借鉴[1]。英国牙科护士于2003 年被确定为独立的专业，培训课程由牙科学校或牙科教學医院提供[2]，在美国，则为牙科助手或者牙医助理。按照预设的实践教学考核标准，要求学生熟悉口腔专科操作器械、材料、流程，从而为临床专科实践储备潜力。
2我国口腔护理专业人才培养的现状及影响因素
云南省曾做过口腔护理人才需求调查，现有临床人员中82%以上的学生为专科生，仅有60%接受过专科培训[3]。江苏省对265名在职口腔护士的调查显示，仅有10名第一学历为口腔护士，98%以上的护士认为需要进行专业护士培训[4]。全国仅有为数很少的高职院校设立了口腔护理专门化方向[5]。, http://www.100md.com(姚永萍 赵佛蓉 刘萍)